Psychological trauma

Personality traits are permanent, usually rigorous patterns of behaviour, thinking (perception) and emotion that are expressed in a variety of circumstances and situations and throughout an individual's life (usually from early adolescence onward). 

Some personality traits are harmful to oneself and others.

These are dysfunctional traits, often causing discomfort and a person with these traits is unhappy and self-critical. This is what distinguishes the view of the self in adolescence. It is called "I".

Even the most harmful personality traits are happily endorsed by the patient and even boasted of.

personality disorders dsm 5

How is the diagnosis made?

Personality disorders are diverse and are diagnosed if five of the seven to nine criteria are met, depending on the type of disorder.

Correcting some common misconceptions:

   People with the same personality disorder differ from each other in terms of their background, actual behavior, inner world, personality, social interactions, and mood.

(People with the same personality disorder does not mean they have the same personality traits).

Diagnosing the presence of a personality trait (the application of diagnostic criteria) is an art, not a science. Evaluating a person's behavior, assessing a patient's perceptual and emotional landscape, and attributing motivation to it, is a matter of judgment. There is no scientifically calibrated tool that can provide us with an objective reading of whether one lacks empathy, or is unscrupulous.

So the process is definitely imprecise in terms of making value judgments as well. Mental health practitioners are only human. They come from specific social, economic and cultural backgrounds.

They do their best to neutralize their personal biases and prejudices but their efforts often fail. Many critics charge that some personality disorders are "culture-related".

They reflect our contemporary sensibilities and values rather than fixed psychological entities and structures.

psychological science

The term personality disorders should not be used to make legal judgments and other judgments, because the existence of the disorder does not mean that the person is unscrupulous or should be exiled.

These names are scientific for the purpose of classification for diagnosis and treatment, we are all human and do not have error-free classifications.